Types of Jazz |
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Traditional Traditional jazz first emerged in the 1930s as jazz writers attempted to distinguish the New Orleans jazz which dated back to the turn of the century from the music of the swing era that followed on its heels. Some musicians from this era included Joe "King" Oliver and Jelly Roll Morton. Today, the phase " traditional jazz" is also employed to describe such early and influential styles as ragtime, boogie woogie, and Harlem stride piano, all of which made important contributions to the evolution of jazz.
Big Band & Swing During the big band era, which spanned roughly a decade from 1935 to 1945, jazz music was at the very fore front of popular culture in the United States. Bands which embraced more hard-driving rhythms and featured the improvisations of stellar soloists, such as the led by Duke Ellington and Count Basie were dubbed "swing" or "hot" bands. The genre continues to this day, however, and has grown to embrace bop, fusion, and many other post-swing developments in the history of jazz.
Bebop
Cool Cool jazz is often used as an umbrella term to describe various subdued and understand styles of modern jazz that emerged in the 1950s. Cool saxophonists such as Stan Getz and Zoot Sims embraced the relaxed, melodic approach to improvisation employed by Lester Young. Cool jazz is sometimes unfairly derided as devoid of emotion.
Mainstream Mainstream was coined by jazz authority
Stanley Dance in the 1950s in an effort to describe what was at
that time the work
Vocal Jazz Vocal Jazz could be used to link such diverse singers as Frank Sinatra, Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald, the common thread being the jazz-inflected phrasing and sensibilities these performers manage to impose on what is essentially pop material. This practice has its roots in the 1930s, but was first brought to widespread popularity by King Pleasure’s in his hit "Moody’s Mood For Love".
Third Stream Third-Stream came about by the European trained composer and conductor Gunther Schuller in 1957 in an effort to characterize and approach the music that combines the rich textures and complex tonalities of classical music with rhythmic drive and improvisation freedom of jazz, joining these two mainstreams to form a third-stream. Other significant contributors to third-stream music include Gunther Schuller himself, Anthony Davis and Andrea Hodeir.
Hard Bop Hard bop is a label meant to
describe the intense, soulful, and hard-driving derivatives of bop music that
flourished in the 1950s and 1960s. It’s characterized by louder and more
interactive drumming, lighter, and more flexible piano accompaniment, and
original compositions. Among the most celebrated hard boppers are Horace Silver,
Art Blakey, and Miles Davi
This type of jazz is defined has being employed in a variety of context over the years, sometimes resulting in confusion with such disparate genres as bebop and free jazz. Progressive began widely associated in the late 1940s with the innovations of jazz orchestral tradition. By the late 1950s, progressive jazz was often used as a synonym for "modern jazz". Two pioneers are Miles Davis and John Coltrane.
World & Ethnic In the influence of various international
cultures has been vital to the music’s development. It is arguable that all
jazz devolves from traditional African music, and such early pioneers as Jelly
Roll Morton showed a willingness to broaden this base by incorporating Caribbean
and Latin-American influences. Some artists are John Coltrane and Don Cherry.
Avant-Garde Musicians like Ornette Coleman, who felt constrained by the standard conventions of bop, forged a new style of improvisation with a number of variable factors that were not based on any predetermined, underlying harmonic structure. Free jazz is best represented by the works of such musicians as Alber Ayler and John Coltrane.
Fusion Fusion is generally
used to refer to a combination of jazz with rock and soul influences, a hybrid
style that became enormously popular in the late 1960s and early 1970s, a period
when avant-garde experimentation had alienated many jazz listeners. Artists such
as Tony Williams and
Crossover Crossover jazz is a contemporary wonder that has returned jazz music to the spotlight, albeit at a price that gives many jazz purists cause for serious concern. Most recently, this trend has been manifested by trumpeter Chuck Mangione in the 1970s, and onetime saxophone session man Kenny G in the 1980s and 1990s.
Reference to types of jazz http://www.jazzonln.com/jazz101.cfm
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Bebop, often referred
to simply as "bop", was the first modern , major post-swing style to
emerge in jazz. It is now regarded as one of the fundamental, classic
genres of jazz. Bebop was developed in the early and mid-1940s by such
legendary musicians as Charlie Parker and 
of contemporary musicians who discovered the foundation for
their inspiration and efforts in the music and approach of the swing era as it
was developed in the 1930s and 1940s. Today some elements of bebop and post-bop,
for example are widely considered mainstream.
Progressive
Herbie Hancock went on a to form popular fusion outfits of
their own.
